Qualitative Study of Teachers' Barriers and Strategies in Learning Mathematics in Elementary School

Abstract

Learning mathematics in primary schools is a crucial component in the formation of
students' knowledge and skills base. However, many students face difficulties in understanding
basic mathematics concepts, often due to internal and external barriers. This study aims to identify
the barriers faced by students and teachers in learning mathematics in primary schools and the
strategies that can be applied to overcome these barriers. A qualitative approach was used in this
study through interviews with teachers and students, as well as observations in several classes in
primary schools. The results show that the barriers faced by students include difficulties in
understanding abstract concepts, fear of mathematics, and differences in learning abilities between
students. On the other hand, barriers faced by teachers include limitations in the use of innovative
learning media and lack of training in effective learning strategies. The strategies found to be
effective in overcoming these barriers include the use of contextualized approaches, project-based
learning, and the application of educational technology to improve students' interaction with the
material. This research provides a deep insight into the dynamics of learning mathematics in
primary schools and offers recommendations for the development of teaching methods that are
more adaptive and suited to students' needs. It is hoped that the findings can contribute to
improving the quality of mathematics learning at the primary school level and benefit the
development of education in Indonesia.